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Wednesday, 24 June 2020

Drugs acting on CNS - Introduction



Action Potential




Drugs act at various sites

  1. Neurotransmitter Synthesis
  2. Neurotransmitter Storage
  3. Neurotransmitter Release
  4. Catabolism of Neurotransmitter
  5. Re uptake of Neurotransmitter
  6. Receptors
  7. Ion Channels

Neurotransmitters

  1. Monoamines : Dopamine, NA, Seratonin (5HT)
  2. Acetylcholine
  3. GABA
  4. Glycine
  5. Glutamine
  6. Peptides :Opioids, Substance P, CGRP

Neurotransmitter Receptors

  1. Inotrophic Receptors
    • Exitatory Post Synaptic Potentials (Depolarization)
      • Ach
      • Glutamine
    • Inhibitory Post Synaptic Potentials (Hyperpolarization)
      • GABA
      • Glutamine
  2. Metabotropic Receptors
    • Slow onset of effects
      • Second messenger systems
      • G protein coupled receptors
    • Diverse effects
      • Ion channel opening
      • Protein modification

Neuronal Dysfunction

  1. Due to Lack of NT
    • Parkinson's - Dopamine
    • Depression - Monoamines
    • Alzhimeirs - Ach
  2. Due to Excess of NT
    • Psychosis - Dopamine
  3. Other
    • Migraine - Neurogenic Inflamation
    • Epilepsy - Excessive Depolarization

  • CNS Drugs should be able to cross the blood brain barrier.SO to do that either they should be lipid soluble or they need to have transporters



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